S&T: A Key Driver of Economic Growth
Globally, S&T has proven to be the cornerstone of economic miracles in countries such as the United States, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. South Korea, for instance, rose from being a war-torn agrarian nation to a technological powerhouse through its robust investment strategy in research and development (R&D). Today, the country's R&D expenditure accounts for approximately 4.8% of GDP—one of the highest rates in the world.
In Vietnam, S&T applications have contributed to an annual labor productivity increase of 5.3%, laying the foundation for sustainable economic growth. High-tech industries such as microchip manufacturing, renewable energy, and biotechnology are gradually asserting their position. However, Vietnam's R&D spending currently stands at only 0.7% of GDP, far below the 2% average of developed nations.
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Resolution 57: A Strategic Lever for Science and Technology
Resolution 57 emphasizes that S&T is the key to achieving the goal of transforming Vietnam into an industrialized country by 2030 and a high-income developed nation by 2045.
One of the top priorities is focusing on cutting-edge fields such as artificial intelligence (AI), biomedical science, new materials, and renewable energy. The government has pledged to increase S&T investment to 2% of GDP within the next five years while encouraging private sector participation.
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The government is committed to simplifying administrative procedures and enhancing inter-ministerial coordination to ensure smooth policy implementation. Meanwhile, specific plans are being developed to build a high-quality workforce and protect intellectual property rights. The focus on digital transformation in critical sectors like healthcare, education, and finance is yielding significant advancements.
Challenges and Solutions in S&T Development
Vietnam faces numerous limitations, from weak research infrastructure to a shortage of high-quality human resources. Complex administrative procedures also consume time and opportunities for S&T projects.
The challenge lies in utilizing resources more effectively. Currently, the majority of S&T funding comes from the state, with limited participation from the private sector. Mechanisms to encourage businesses to invest in R&D, such as venture capital funds and tax incentives, are essential.
The government must actively build a conducive environment for research and innovation. Legal changes to the Law on S&T, along with reforms in project approval processes, will enable scientists to focus on their work without being burdened by administrative formalities.
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Science and technology are not merely choices but the lifeline for Vietnam's sustainable development. To realize its aspiration of becoming a developed nation, Vietnam needs to concentrate its resources and political will to fully harness the potential of S&T.
Resolution 57 has brought fresh momentum, motivating society to participate in the S&T revolution. Success or failure will depend not only on strategic vision but also on execution capabilities. Vietnam can learn from advanced nations to "stand on the shoulders of giants" and build a robust economy founded on a solid S&T base.